{"id":887,"date":"2026-04-07T01:01:07","date_gmt":"2026-04-06T18:01:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thienanth.io.vn\/?p=887"},"modified":"2026-04-07T09:04:05","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T02:04:05","slug":"bang-tra-he-so-k-factor-va-dung-sai-chan-gap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thienanth.io.vn\/en\/bang-tra-he-so-k-factor-va-dung-sai-chan-gap\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea3ng tra h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 K-Factor v\u00e0 dung sai ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong ch\u1ea5n g\u1ea5p kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5m"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c gia c\u00f4ng kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5m, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf CAD\/CAM l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00f4i tr\u1ea3i ph\u1eb3ng (Flat Pattern) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u khi b\u1ecb u\u1ed1n cong s\u1ebd b\u1ecb gi\u00e3n ra \u1edf m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 n\u00e9n l\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1eb7t trong, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m thay \u0111\u1ed5i so v\u1edbi ph\u00f4i ban \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0i to\u00e1n n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 K Factor trong ch\u1ea5n t\u00f4n, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n dung sai l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Metaltech 1 s\u1ebd chia s\u1ebb chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ph\u00f4i ch\u1ea5n v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea3ng tra c\u1ee9u K-Factor chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h2><b>1. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 K-Factor l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n d\u00e0i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Khi ch\u1ea5n g\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i, ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed u\u1ed1n s\u1ebd chia l\u00e0m 3 v\u00f9ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>V\u00f9ng n\u00e9n (Compression):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean trong g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n b\u1ecb n\u00e9n l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>V\u00f9ng k\u00e9o (Tension):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> B\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n b\u1ecb k\u00e9o gi\u00e3n ra.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a (Neutral Axis):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> N\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng n\u00e9n v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng k\u00e9o. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u00e9n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb k\u00e9o c\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau khi ch\u1ea5n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><b>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 K-Factor (K-Factor)<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean trong g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn Tr\u1ee5c trung h\u00f2a (k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) so v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i (k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c: K = t \/ T<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, K-Factor th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 0.25 \u0111\u1ebfn 0.5. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u (Th\u00e9p \u0111en, Inox, Nh\u00f4m, \u0110\u1ed3ng&#8230;).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00e1n k\u00ednh u\u1ed1n trong (Inside Bend Radius &#8211; R).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea5n (Ch\u1ea5n t\u1ef1 do &#8211; Air Bending hay Ch\u1ea5n d\u1eadp &#8211; Bottoming).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>2. B\u1ea3ng tra h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 K-Factor tham kh\u1ea3o cho c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 SolidWorks, AutoCAD hay Inventor, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o b\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb K-Factor th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y (\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea5n t\u1ef1 do &#8211; Air Bending tr\u00ean m\u00e1y CNC):<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Lo\u1ea1i V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n B\u00e1n k\u00ednh g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n (R) &amp; \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y (T)<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 K-Factor<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Th\u00e9p m\u1ec1m (Mild Steel \/ SPCC \/ SS400)<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R &lt; 2T<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0.38 &#8211; 0.42<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R = 2T \u0111\u1ebfn 4T<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0.43 &#8211; 0.46<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R &gt; 4T<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0.50<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 (Inox 304 \/ 316)<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R &lt; 2T<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0.35 &#8211; 0.40<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R = 2T \u0111\u1ebfn 4T<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0.40 &#8211; 0.45<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R &gt; 4T<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0.50<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Nh\u00f4m &amp; H\u1ee3p kim nh\u00f4m<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R &lt; 2T<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0.40 &#8211; 0.44<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R = 2T \u0111\u1ebfn 4T<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0.45 &#8211; 0.48<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R &gt; 4T<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">0.50<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(L\u01b0u \u00fd: B\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t tham kh\u1ea3o. Trong gia c\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 x\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5n m\u1eabu th\u1eed (test bend) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb K-Factor v\u00e0 Bend Deduction (\u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eeb ch\u1ea5n) ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho t\u1eebng l\u00f4 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ed1i ch\u00e0y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3).<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<h2><b>3. Dung sai ch\u1ea5n g\u1ea5p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n trong gia c\u00f4ng c\u01a1 kh\u00ed<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang <\/span><b>t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ph\u00f4i ch\u1ea5n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i 100% trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thi do sai s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c (Springback) c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 dung sai b\u1ec1 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ph\u00f4i th\u00e9p.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i k\u00e8m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 <\/span><b>dung sai ch\u1ea5n g\u1ea5p<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gia c\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c CNC hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 Metaltech 1, ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n dung sai th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Dung sai g\u00f3c ch\u1ea5n:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u00b1 0.5\u00b0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u00b1 1\u00b0 (Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Dung sai k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc sau ch\u1ea5n (Chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u00e1nh u\u1ed1n):<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> * V\u1edbi ph\u00f4i m\u1ecfng (T &lt; 3mm): \u00b1 0.2mm \u0111\u1ebfn \u00b1 0.3mm.<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"2\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u1edbi ph\u00f4i d\u00e0y (T &gt; 3mm): \u00b1 0.5mm.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>4. T\u1ea1i sao k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf n\u00ean h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi x\u01b0\u1edfng gia c\u00f4ng quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e9p k\u00edn?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u00e0i to\u00e1n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ph\u00f4i ch\u1ea5n (Flat Pattern) s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a n\u1ebfu kh\u00e2u C\u1eaft ph\u00f4i ban \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecb sai l\u1ec7ch k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mang \u0111i c\u1eaft plasma b\u1ecb v\u00e1t m\u00e9p, ho\u1eb7c c\u1eaft d\u1eadp b\u1ecb ba-\u1edb c\u1ed9m l\u00ean, m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n CNC s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u00e9p ph\u00f4i n\u1eb1m chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c tr\u00ean c\u1ed1i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn g\u00f3c u\u1ed1n b\u1ecb sai.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 lu\u00f4n \u01b0u ti\u00ean t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng gia c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9. T\u1ea1i <\/span><b>Metaltech 1<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ph\u00f4i kh\u00e9p k\u00edn. Ph\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/metaltech1.com.vn\/dich-vu\/cat-laser-kim-loai\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u1eaft Laser CNC<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> v\u1edbi dung sai c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p (\u00b1 0.05mm), m\u1ea1ch c\u1eaft l\u00e1ng m\u1ecbn, t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y Ch\u1ea5n g\u1ea5p CNC v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u00eam \u00e1i, b\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ecdi th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 K-Factor m\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0y c\u00f4ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00f3a n\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 dung sai kh\u1eaft khe nh\u1ea5t, h\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Metaltech 1. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1ea1n b\u00f3c t\u00e1ch b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd v\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gia c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c gia c\u00f4ng kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5m, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf CAD\/CAM l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00f4i tr\u1ea3i ph\u1eb3ng (Flat Pattern) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ch\u1ea5n. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u khi b\u1ecb u\u1ed1n cong s\u1ebd b\u1ecb gi\u00e3n ra \u1edf m\u1eb7t [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1028,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-887","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thienanth.io.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/887","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thienanth.io.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thienanth.io.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thienanth.io.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thienanth.io.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=887"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/thienanth.io.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/887\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thienanth.io.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1028"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thienanth.io.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thienanth.io.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thienanth.io.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}